The life cycle assessment of Autoliv´s night vision camera shows higher global warming from use phase and this is because of energy use for the functioning of camera. The other major contribution is from transportation phase. This includes materials transportation for several components and transportation of camera itself. In this paper the transportation phase is discussed. If manufacturing of some components are transferred from America to Europe and camera is assembled in Europe instead of United States, the global warming percentage from transportation phase has been reduced from 17% to 7%.The material in camera that can be replaced/reduced for the environmental reasons, is discussed in this paper. Zinc and ceramic are found to be toxic from an environmental point of view. Finally, the scenario discussing the environmental results by using electronic safety components and mechanical safety components in a vehicle is analysed in this paper. The Mechanical safety components have more impacts than electronic components. But it depends upon choice of impact categories e.g. choosing global warming, eutrophication and eco toxicity, mechanical components have more impacts while with human toxicity and acidification, it is vice versa.

In this research, we propose an architectural solution to implement file transfer service (FTP) in IPv6 environment network. IPv6 is considered to be the next-generation Internet protocol. Thus, this study is to analyse the size of files transfer performance and to measure Quality of Service (QoS) delivered by IPv6 using best effort approach in comparison to IPv4. This study primarily focuses on file transfer speed quality of FTP. In the experiment, both host clients and routers utilize the same technical specification. In the same study also, network management system (NMS) is used to monitor and to capture the performance of file transfer in IPv6 and IPv4 environment. Based on the finding result, it shows that there is a slight but significant difference in file transfer performance between dual stack tunnelling IPv4 and IPv6 protocol. Small size file transfer will result in lower and same delay performance outcome for both IPv4 and IPv6, while large size file transfer over IPv6 will result in higher delay performance as compared to IPv4. In short, the significant result of IPv6 delay is slightly higher than IPv4. Hence, the quality of FTP might be decreased if dual stack tunnelling is implemented in IPv6 environment. Nevertheless, Link Efficiency and compression technique are able to lower the delay performance on file transfer over IPv6 environment.

In this article , at first, we will investigate the approaches of pattern recognition and then we explain the importance of pattern recognition by its structural information which has been called structural pattern recognition method .In continue , we investigate one of the approaches for recognizing the noisy patterns which is called Lyon’s algorithm. This algorithm has been proposed by Lyon. This algorithm is used for recognizing string patterns and is an error correcting parser in context free grammars . In this paper we state disadvantages of Lyon’s algorithm and then introduce a new algorithm for its improvement. One of the problems of the Lyon algorithm is the cubic time complexity and the quadratic space complexity that we suggest a new algorithm with a new data structure for improving problems in the Lyon algorithm .a new algorithm by using linked list list data structure and some changes in procedure of the Lyon has reduced the time complexity from cubic to O(n*R) and also has reduced amount of wasting of the memory to the zero.

In this study, the response of Okra plant (Arka Animaka) has been modelled under different irrigation depths and all the experiments were performed at Malak and her Research Farm, Agricultural University Peshawar. The objective of the study was to evaluate the effects of irrigation depths on the plant productivity and compare the obtained experimental data with that predicted by Aqua Crop model. The four irrigation treatments (62, 73, 89 and 100 %) were applied in replicates with each seven days interval. The irrigation depths applied were 623, 579, 514, and 468 mm for T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The highest values were reported for biomass (5.6 ton ha-1), yield (5.28 ton ha-1) and harvest index (95%) in case of T1, while T4 had the lowest values of the mentioned parameters. A strong positive correlation was observed of the plant productivity with the irrigation depths. The experimental data when compared with that of Aqua crop model depicted an over prediction of the model and errors committed were 21.3, 20.9, 14.5 and 12.5 % in T1, T2, T3 and T4, respectively. The results revealed that productivity (biomass and yield) of Okra was decreased with the decrease in irrigation depths; however difference between T1 and T2 was less in comparison to other treatments. Based on these results, it can be concluded that in case of water limited environment, 11% water can be saved by irrigating Okra plant under T2 irrigation depth. The experimental data obtained in this study will be used to modify the Aqua crop model according to the local climate for the better predictions of plant productivity in future.

Mass media has played very important role in dissemination the information among farmers in developing countries especially in rural areas where people literacy rate were low. However, radio and television were popular tools of communication for diffusing the information about agriculture, market, weather, pesticides and disasters. Information communication technologies spreading day by day in remote areas and the use such technologies by farmers have increased their income and information about agriculture product. In developing countries radio and television still are the main sources of information among farmers about price, product and latest information regarding fertilization, irrigation, water management and pesticides usage. It was also indicated that still there is need to enhance the communication infrastructure in remote areas of developing countries where farmers can get information about increasing their productivity. Furthermore, many farmers still are unaware about management and use such technologies in their agriculture to increase their production, therefore it is a need for government and related agencies to provide trainings and communication skills to farmers for their development and make their life better.

This paper presents an architectural approach to the design of Low power and area reconfigurable finite impulse response (FIR) filter. FIR digital filters are used in DSP by the virtue of its, linear phase, fewer finite precision error, stability and efficient implementation. The proposed architectures implemented into carry save adder, It offers Low power and area reductions compared to the best existing reconfigurable FIR filter implementations in the literature and the proposed architectures have been implemented and tested on Spartan-3 xc3s200-5pq208 field-programmable gate array (FPGA) and synthesized.