Objective: The long lasting and challenging education of dentistry causes anxiety in dental students. If this can not be prevented a variety of psychological problems as well as burnout is observed. The aim of this study is to diagnose these problems in final year dental students by evaluating their anxiety levels using State Trait Anxiety Inventory-(STAI) I-II and possible burnout by evaluating emotional exhaustion, individual success and depersonalization by Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI). Materials and Methods: After ethical commitee approval age, gender, residential and scholarship status of final year students of Ankara University School of Dentistry have been recorded. Their anxiety levels have been evaluated by STAI I-II and burnout levels by MBI. Results: 114 of the students taking part in this questionnaire were female and 86 were male. Age, residential and scholarship status as well STAI-I-II datas revealed to be similar in both female and male students. However MBI depersonalization score was found to be higher in male students and the difference between male and female students revealed to be significant. However emotional exhaustion and individual success scores were similar in both gender. The correlation of STAI I-II and residential status revealed to be more evident in male students. Conclusion: Anxiety and burnout can affect the mental health,empathy towards patients and professional conduct of dental students. Being aware of the signs and symptoms will be helpfull in preventing detrimental effects that may inhibit their academic success as well as their mental health.
Teleradiology facilitates timely interpretation of medical images for better medical care. Observations at the referral site can help the remote radiologists make a thorough analysis. Images transferred to remote sites must be accompanied with relevant patient identifiable data to resolve identity issues when similar images are to be examined by a radiologist. In this paper, we present a zero-watermarking scheme to watermark a host image, with a Health Level 7 (HL7) message encompassing patient identifiable data and clinical readings that is encoded into a binary Quick Response (QR) code. The proposed system preserves the fidelity of the cover image as the watermark is not physically embedded. Embedding and extraction are realized with a Master Share, Secret Share and a binary QR code. In the proposed system, Master Share is created out of the sign bit sequence of the Hu’s moments, computed on selected non overlapping blocks of the host image subjected to Singular Value Decomposition (SVD). Robustness to geometric and non geometric attacks is evaluated by running attacks with different parameters with a benchmarking software. The proposed system exhibits security and robustness characteristics essential to deliver teleradiology practices in compliance with legislative standards.
Removal of Al3+ and Mn2+ from solution by Trichoderma asperellum BHU216 immobilized on Irvingia gabonensis matrix in a batch system was investigated. Effect of biosorption conditions contact time, pH, bead size and spore load were studied. Equilibrium isotherms and re-usability of biosorbent were also determined. The result showed that optimum sorption of Mn2+ and Al3+ by immobilized sorbent was achieved at 7 mm bead size and 1.6 g/L spore load. Optimum pH were 5 and 6 while equilibrium was attained at 120 and 180 mins for Mn2+ and Al3+ sorption respectively. Immobilized biosorbent was used in more than 5 batch cycles with over 50% removal achieved in 3 and 5 cycles for Al3+ and Mn2+ sorption. Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) isotherm had the best-fit than both Langmuir and Freundlich isotherms for both metals (R2 0.99 and 0.97 for Mn2+ and Al3+ respectively). Manganese sorption proceeded at both surface and multi-layer levels with high sorption rates 18.88 mg/L and 19.72 mg/L, while aluminium sorption was feasible in a multi-layer process with low uptake (0.87 mg/g). This study showed that immobilized T. asperellum BHU216 can effectively act as biosorbent for Mn(II) and Al(III) sorption from solution.
Abstract: \n\nInflatable rubber dams are cylindrical rubber fabrics placed across channels, streams and weir or dam crests to raise the upstream water level when inflated. Inflatable dams can be filled with water, air or both. In this paper, an analytical model is presented for hydrostatic analysis of the dam. The model has been made and the results are compared with Alhamati et al experimental results. There is an acceptable similarity in both numerical and experimental behavior of the dam.
Abstract:\n In most of the current design codes and standards for concrete liquid storage tanks, the hydrodynamic pressures are determined assuming that the tank walls are rigid. The Housner’s model, which assumes that the mass of liquid is lumped on the wall based on rigid wall boundary condition in the calculation hydrodynamic pressure, is widely used in practice. Previous research has indicated that the flexibility of wall can affect the distribution and magnitude of hydrodynamic pressures. In this paper, the effect of wall flexibility on hydrodynamic pressures in concrete rectangular tanks is studied using an approach referred to as the sequential method. The procedure on how to establish the impulsive hydrodynamic pressures using the sequential method based on a two-dimensional analysis is described. A comparison shows that the lumped mass approach overestimates the base shear and wall displacements.
Abstract\n Background and Objective: Zarrineh Roud river which, is also named Cham Choghatoo is one of the most important and longest rivers of Euromieh Lake watershed area which, is originated from Kurdistan’s Chehel Cheshmeh Mountains and eventually pours into Euromieh Lake. One of its’ important usage is for drinking and farming which, unfortunately due to its’ pollution with different natural and man- made pollutant , makes the quality monitoring of its water under special importance and attention . In this study, we review quality of this river.\n Method: In this study we have measured 13 parameters of DO, FC, pH, BOD, changing in temperature, total phosphate, total nitrate, chloride, TDS, EC, Calcium, Sodium and Magnesium in two seasons of spring and winter of year 1389 (2011), then based on this, quality of water has been analyzed based on NSFWQI index and Wilcox method.\n Findings: In most of the times, in both seasons of spring and winter, amounts of NSFWQI index are in good range and only in two cases, in each season, index were in average range. Also based on results of Wilcox method in both seasons, majority of stations were at C2S1 range, in some cases also these amounts were at C3S1 range. Only in Station Ghale Bozorg in spring amount of salinity was in C4 range.\n Conclusion: In most cases, water of Zarrineh Roud is appropriate for farming, fish farming, animal drinking , leisure usage and drinking ( after normal filtering)
Abstract\n Shape and form of the watermelon fruits are important factors to save spaces and reducing damage during storing of the fruits. In order to save spaces and prevent fruit damage in watermelon the following experiment was carried out in the farm. The fruits were boxed when they were approximately one cm less than the box diameter. The cubic, hexagonal forms were compared in this research. To do this, different boxes were designed with different holes on the sides to holes the watermelons fruits for shaping. The shapes of the boxes were hexagonal and cubic. The boxes holes sizes were the same with 10mm diameter each. Each side of the boxes had different holes including: without holes to 75 holes. The result showed that the best shape for watermelon storing to save space and prevent fruit damage was hexagonal form. The percentages of the fruit damage were 33 to 80 respectively.
Abstract\nLiterary interaction of Persian-speaking countries and Attitudes of their poets in terms of science and research, has been of interest to researchers in recent decades and in many countries like Iran and Tajikistan have led to literary and linguistic sharing. Following the movement of Modern poetry, many Tajik poets including Farzaneh Khudjandi have been affected by Iranian poets, especially by Forough Farrokhzad. In this paper, after analyzing the background of contemporary poetry in Iran and Tajikistan, poems of Farzaneh Khudjandi and Forough Farrokhzad have been compared with each other. In this comparison the poems of two poets in terms of expression and linguistic, verbal and intellectual features, meter, content and theme have been reviewed. The theme of Foroughand Farzaneh\'spoems is reviewed in three levels of social - political, religious-ethical and emotional issues. Both poets, in terms of feminine feeling and emotion, the love and patriotism arein common and in terms of social – political attitude, man, the world, physical and heavenly love, despair and hopelessness and death are different. We see the use of literary technique as rhyme, metaphor, symmetry and intertextuality in the lyrics of Forough and Farzaneh. At the beginning, both poets had used classical meter and then Modern meter. Study and comparison of these two poets\' poems expresses that Farzaneh is deeply influenced by poem and thoughts of Forough.