Indonesia is a country that a lot of valleys, hills and volcanoes. So every year, Indonesia many natural disasters landslides. A landslide is the movement of slope-forming materials such as rocks, debris material, soil, or a mixture of materials, moving down or off the slopes. This research tries to build an early warning system of landslides using microcontroller ATMEGA8535. At ground shifted over 4 cm then this system will sound sirens and danger will contact the village to evacuate its citizens. The results showed that for a landslide early warning system based on microcontroller ATMEGA8535 work well with a resolution of 2 mm shift ground.
Content based image retrieval system searches the database to find the images that are similar to the query image. It compares the images in the database, using the features such as shape, color, texture etc. The common problems faced in Image Retrieval System are semantics and time consumption. This will overcome by developing a “CBMIR: content based medical Image Retrieval System” that allows the user to query using a single region of an image instead of whole image. Since we concentrate on medical domain, the features extracted are shape, intensity and texture are used in spatial domain. In this work the first step is to crop the query image as specified by the user. Second, extract the features from the cropped image. Similarly, crop and extract the features for the database images. Determine the image similarity and retrieve the images from the database using Euclidean Distance method. In this method, the images with shortest distance from the query image are retrieved
Culture-dependent and culture-independent methods were used to evaluate haloalkaliphilic archaeal diversity in Soda lakes of Wadi Natrun, Egypt. Physico-chemical characteristics of the lakes were examined in order to establish their effect on biodiversity of Archaea. We employed culture-dependent technique to study haloalkaliphilic archaeal diversity by using ten different complex media with different carbon sources, salinity (15% - 25% NaCl) and pH (9-11). Samples of sediments and water from different lakes were used as inoculants and enrichments were incubated at 37oC for 3-4 weeks. In addition, we surveyed the archaeal diversity in the water and sediment samples of four Soda lakes by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE), and analyzing clone libraries of 16S rRNA genes amplified with Archaea-specific primers. Isolates belonging to the genera Natronococcus, Natronolimnobius, Natronomonas, Halobiforma and Halorubrum were recovered from brine samples by enrichment and identified by different phenotypic characteristics as well as sequencing of 16S rRNA. The archaeal diversity was highest in the sediment sample of Lake Zugm; as well the number of bands derived from archaeal DNA was highest in the DGGE profiles of sediment samples. All sequences fell into the phylum Euryarchaeota and Crenarchaeota. The library comprised new phylotypes which consisted of two clones that exhibited low 16S rRNA similarity (94 – 98%) with known species and could potentially represent new species in the genus Halorubrum, one clone with 94% similarity to Natronomonas which could represent a new species, as well as two unidentifiable phylotypes which exhibited 90 - 91% similarity to uncultured archaeon clone.
The aim of this study is to introduce an application that enables information sharing and communication between visually-impaired individuals and able-bodied. For the purposes of the study, web-based audio library automation was designed and the usability of the system was analyzed regarding the volunteers who record audio books and the visually-impaired individuals. The visually-impaired individuals who took part in the test procedures in order to make a general evaluation of the system reported that the system was theoretically necessary and successful. As for the usability aspect, positive comments were received regarding the automation system developed. The authors believe that the current study is likely to be an alternative reference source for the related literature and further research studies to be conducted in the field.
Automated segmentation of white matter (WM) and gray matter (GM) is a very important task for detecting multiple diseases. The paper proposes a simple method for WM and GM extraction form magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of brain. The proposed method is based on binarization, wavelet decomposition, and convexhull and produce very effective results in the context of visual inspection and as well as quantifiably. It is tested on three different (Transvers, Sagittal, Coronal) types of MRI of brain image and the validation of experiment indicate that an accurate detection and segmentation of the interesting structures or particular region of MRI of brain image.
This study was designed to develop a reversible middle cerebral artery (MCA) occlusion/reperfusion model in monkeys.\nBy inserting a Cordis steerable guidewires balloon catheter (595-E014) from the femoral artery of 12 male adult monkeys (Macaca mulatta) weighting 5.5±0.5Kg, the balloon catheter could be inserted into the MCA and occluded the blood flow. Magnetic resonance T1, T2 and DWI showed ischemic signals in MCA supplied area. Neurological evaluation demonstrated neurological deficits in the ischemic group. Neuropathological examinations were consistent with the neurological evaluations. The results suggested that this monkey MCAO model seemed close to human stroke.
The textile wastewater with the dye is released in various ways into the environment and it cause significant environmental problems. Due to the stability of modern dyes, conventional biological treatment methods for industrial wastewater are ineffective, resulting in an intensively colored discharge from the treatment facilities. Thus, there is a need for developing treatment methods that is more effective in eliminating dyes from the waste stream at its source. The most effective methods of dye removal from wastewater are adsorption and the use of enzymes. In this study, removal of Acid red 37 from aqueous solutions has been studied using silica fume waste material after its modification with laccase from Russulaceae (Lactarius volemus). Laccase was purified by using saturated precipitate (NH4)2SO4, DEAE-cellulose and immobilized on silica fume. Batch adsorption experiments have been performed as a function of pH, contact time, temperature and adsorbent dosage. The optimum results were obtained at pH 6, contact time of 60 min, temperature of 20 ºC and an adsorbent dose of 1 mg/mL. The Freundlich equation was found to have the highest value of R2 compared with the Langmuir model. Thermodynamic parameters including the Gibbs free energy, enthalpy and entropy changes indicated that the adsorption of Acid red 37 onto laccase-modified silica fume was feasible, spontaneous and endothermic. The results show that the laccase-modified silica fume can be used for the treatment of aqueous solutions as an alternative low cost adsorbent.