In the present study, the allelopathic effects of Eruca sativa, Mentha peprinta, and Coriandrum sativum water extract, prepared by 25 gm and 50 gm powder of dry leaf dissolved in 100 ml of double distilled water (100% , 50, 25 and 0% as control) were tested for their allelopathic effects on seed germination and other growth parameters of Phaseolous vulgaris. laboratory experiments were conducted in sterilizes Petri dish with a 24 h, 48 h, 72 h, 96 h and 120 h time interval for seed germination and 24 h, 48 h and 72 h for radicle length on an average of 25° C. The effects of different concentrations of aqueous extract were compared to distilled water (0% ). Aqueous effect caused pronounced inhibitory effect on seed germination and root length 0.of receptor plant. Seed germination and root length results indicated that the inhibitory effect was proportion to the concentration of the extract. Inhibitory effect was much pronounced radicle length rather than germination. Hence, it could be concluded that the leaf aqueous extracts of these medicinal plants contain water-soluble allelochemicals, which could inhibit the seed germination and reduce radicle length of Phaseolous vulgaris. It is suggested that Phaseolous vulgaris should not be planted close to these plants to avoid the adverse effects on its growth.
This study aims to determine an appropriate spatial interpolation method in the mapping of various physical and hydraulic properties of soils. For this purpose, the Inverse Distance Weighted (IDW), Global Polynomial Interpolation (GPI), Local Polynomial Interpolation (LPI), Radial Basis Functions (RBF) and kriging spatial interpolation methods were used. \nThe method that produced the lowest root mean square error for each variable was deemed to be the best method for that variable. The best methods were determined to be RBF for infiltration, IDW for hydraulic conductivity at 0-30 cm depth, GPI for hydraulic conductivity at 30-60 cm depth, LPI for soil field capacity and soil wilting point, LPI for soil bulk density at 0-30 cm depth and RBF for soil bulk density at 30-60 cm depth. Thus, the most appropriate spatial interpolation methods were determined in mapping of the soil parameters mentioned.
This paper deals with the visualization of the people in relation to their environment. As a study, it deals with both cultural and social change. The migrants and their children were the subject of these observations, which preceded the research and choice of sample for the case study. The observations listed below have been obtained from Palestinian settlements, Jabal El-Hussein camp, as far as the first generation of migrants and their children\'s are concerned. The comparison between the two generations gives a clear idea of the cultural systems that organized the camp. Also, the comparison shows the cultural habits that create the spaces in family\'s houses.
In the theory on linear differential equations (LDE) conditions of reducibility to equations with constant coefficients are known [1]. To prove value of the study and to solve relevant characteristic equations of Riccati type instead of LDEs themselves we obtain conditions of reducibility in another manner.
This article introduces the concept of gradual(or partial) reducibility of linear differential equations (LDE) with variable coefficients. In this article we construct algorithm for reducing the order of LDE with variable coefficients which after replacing variable has at least one solution of exponential form y(t) et .So reduced equation with new variable coefficients has at least one solution of the et form.The second order LDE with variable coefficients is studied in details.The method of solution of LDE by step-by-step reducibility is offered and some specific equations are solved for illustration purposes.
Performance and the transient behaviour of a salt gradient solar pond through computer simulation are investigated in this paper. All thermal and hydrodynamic properties of the fluid, which is taken to be sodium chloride solution in water, have been considered to be varying with temperature and concentration and this will cause energy and mass transfer equations to be coupled. Solar radiation reaching the pond and the amount absorbed by it as well as ambient temperature are modeled according to geographical data. Temperature and concentration fields obtained by software simulation have been compared with the experimental results from a solar pond located in Tunisia [4], with the same conditions, and good agreement is observed.
An ideal I on a non empty set X is a subfamily of P(X) which is closed under finite unions and subsets. In this paper, we introduce a new approach of proximity structure based on the ideal notion. For I={phi}, we have the Efremovi c proximity structure [2] and for the other types of I, we have many types of proximity structures. Some results on these spaces have obtained and one of the important results: every *-normal T1 space is I-proximizable space (Theorem 3.9).
Diabetes is a multi-factorial diseases induced by genetic variations at multiple loci, environmental factors, and gene-environment interactions. The prevalence of this health problem is rapidly increasing throughout the world and particularly in the Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. A large number of genes have been implicated in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus (T2DM), but in population dependent manner. The FABP2 gene codes for a protein responsible for the absorption of long chain fatty acids. We investigated association of FABP2 A54T gene polymorphism with T2DM cases. Genotyping was carried out by real time-polymerase chain reaction using purified DNA. The study included 460 healthy controls and 438 T2DM cases. None of the allele or genotype of FABP2 A54T was associated with T2DM cases versus the controls (OR=1.219, 95% CI=0.988 - 1.502; p= 0.06). Clinical data and anthropometric measurements of the patients were significantly different from those of the controls (p<0.05). We concluded that A54T polymorphism was not associated with either T2DM in Saudi population.