Lake Al-Asfar is located on the eastern region of Saudi Arabia, Al-Hassa. Alterations in the gills tissues, of Oreochromis niloticus fish collected from Lake Al-Asfar, were studied .The gill lesions were analyzed by light scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The histopathological changes in gills tissue included: damage to gills epithelial such as lifting, rupture, shedding of epithelial cells, partial to complete lamellar fusion, hyperplasia, and cellular hypertrophy. The investigation of the gills with scanning electron microscope showed damage and a degree of distortion in the microridges of pavement cells. With transmission electron microscope investigation of the secondary lamellae revealed the existence of microprojections, rounded off the epithelial cells and cytoplasmic vacuoles. The mitochondria of the chloride cells increased in number and the nucleus of pillar cell had an irregular shape, and the chromatin was more condensed. This study is the first attempt to investigate the effect of pollutants on tilapia gills from Lake Al-Asfar.

Electrical energy demand necessitates the usage of renewable energy. Photovoltaic (PV) cells are proved to be efficient among the various sources of renewable energy. The PV output power capacity is still low, so efforts continue to develop the PV converter and its controller, aiming for higher power-extracting efficiency. The PV system requires a proper DC-DC converter with optimum controller to deliver its maximum power. This paper utilizes modified cuk converter to find the solution for maximum efficiency. Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT) methods play an essential role in extracting higher power from PV. Conventional MPPT techniques such as Perturb & Observe, Incremental Conductance provide good results in normal conditions but in partial shading conditions, its performance is observed to be poor. Hence, this approach utilizes an intelligent controller called Brain Emotional Learning Based Intelligent Controller (BELBIC). The operation of the BELBIC is based on the emotion processing mechanism in the brain. This intelligent control is stimulated by the limbic system of the mammalian brain. The performance proposed modified cuk converter and BELBIC controller is simulated using Matlab/Simulink. Furthermore, experimental results are presented in order to validate the modified cuk converter with proposed BELBIC algorithm

Advances in Internet, local area network, Intranet and wireless network resulted into a wide range of pervasive computing environment. Many of these environments produce huge amount of data, coming from parallel resources in a continuous fashion. Examples of these environments are web logs, click streams, sensor network, network traffic, stock market data, etc., Storing, querying and analyzing these continuous, fluctuating and voluminous data streams are a challenge in a limited memory and computational power. Researchers realized to develop methods for extraction of patterns from streaming data in order to enhance computational power. This paper reviews the existing studies in development of sensor stream systems, algorithms and frameworks.

This paper compares the quality of diffusion-based and permutation-based encrypted image transmission using orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) over wireless fading channel. Sensitivity to carrier frequency offsets (CFOs) is one of the limitations in OFDM transmission that was compensated here. Different OFDM diffusions were investigated to study image transmission optimization. Peak Signal-to-Noise Ratio (PSNR) between the original image and the decrypted image is used to evaluate the received image quality. Chaotic encrypted image modulated with CFOs compensated FFT-OFDM found to give outstanding performance against other encryption and modulation techniques.