Abstract\nPurpose of review: Sedation is a well-known method in anesthesiology practice. There are fine connections between pharmacological sedation and well-being. Unveiling the molecular mechanisms of sedation and well-being may contribute to the development of a new approach that could promote a better quality of life for patients worldwide. The objective of this non-systematic review article is to present a new concept of sedation, using knowledge obtained in neuroscience alongside sedative medication with a holistic approach.\nRecent findings: Sedation is provided with sedative and anxiolytic pharmacologic agents. These agents affect neurotransmitters and synaptic transmission in many ways.\nNeuroscience (NS) is an interdisciplinary science that focuses on the central and peripheral nervous system, brain, neurons, electrical potentials, synaptic connections, neurotransmitters, neuronal web, neuronal growth and development, sensory system, motor control, and cognitive functions. NS is intended to research relationships between the cognitive and conceptual brain. Human sensations are related to neurochemicals. \nOwing to advances in neuroscience, we can better interpret the relationship between feelings, behaviors, and neurotransmitters. \nSummary: The World Health Organization (2011) considers mental health synonymous with a state of well-being. Well-being includes the interactions between persons, culture, and the various social and physical places and spaces they both shape and inhabit. Today\'s tendency is not only to solve problems, but to ensure the complete well-being of the patient. There are many fine connections between pharmacological sedation and physiological calmness, or well-being. A holistic strategy is essential in the performance of sedation procedures.

In most of the under developing countries, there is a close relation between the economic growth and the foreign trade enhancement and its major part is done through the marine transportation. Although a main part of the values of the cargos sent is provided by the marine transportation system, the transportation system can act as a main barrier for the international commerce leading to decreasing the incomes of the foreign transactions in case of weak management in the port facility section. On the other hand, if the port facility management is not fulfilled appropriately, the transportation costs as well as the export prices will be decreases and finally, the international trade will be increased. The main objective of the study is to investigate the scheduling of ships docking at berth. This study was a case study on some shipping berths in Iran. In the method applied in the study, the orthogonal linear compounds from the fields under investigation were created using the factor analysis and the variance structural analysis. The compounds were in the direction that in each compound, some fields with the same dispersion source were presented as a common element or factor.

Situated in the south-western part of Romania, the South-West Development Region covers 12.3 % (29,010 km2) of the national territory and 10.7% of its population (2,301,833 inh.). The region encloses 40 urban ecosystems located on different hypsometric levels and relief units displaying different degrees of vulnerability to natural and technological hazards. The variety of technological hazards to whom the urban ecosystems of the study-area are exposed, are augmented by the intraregional disparities in terms of the broaden of industrial activities: mining industry in Gorj County, chemical industry in Vâlcea County, metallurgical industry in Olt County, machine-building industry in Dolj and Mehedinţi Counties.\nThe assessment of technological hazards was achieved through a set of intensity indicators and categories granted by the ESPON 1.3.1. European Project. In accordance with the technological hazards identified in the framework of this programme, in the urban ecosystems of the South East Development Region the authors were able to analyze: air traffic accidents, technological accidents triggered by industrial plants, nuclear plants (Kozlodui - of transboundary importance) and oil processing plants. Furthermore, the authors assessed the combustions and the related outbursts, the disasters associated with dam failure and navigation as well as the major accidents on transport networks, considered as part of technological hazards.

Impact of A designed Eye Care Protocol on Nurses Knowledge, Practices and on Eye Health Status of Unconscious Mechanically Ventilated Patients at North Palestine Hospitals.\n\n*1 Imad H. Fashafsheh, 2 WardaYousef and 2 Manal Sayed\n\n1 Dean Assistant-Faculty of Allied Medical Sciences, AAUJ- Palestine.\n2 Critical Care& Emergency Nursing, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt.\[email protected]; [email protected]; [email protected]\n\nAbstract: Patients on intensive care units are at high risk of eye problems due to the loss of normal physiologic defense mechanisms of the eye. Mechanical ventilation is one of the therapeutic measurements used for some of such patients which leads to a lot of health problems and eye problems is good example, sedation to facilitate mechanical ventilation also leads to loss of physiologic actions of decrease tear production and increase evaporation due to eye lid opening. Care of the eyes is least to be considered from the nurses because it’s not life threading and infection control measures also regarding eye hygiene is not routine practice. Eye complications prevalence in many studies quantifies more than 40 percent even it is difficult to quantify this problem because there is no documentation in these departments. The aim of the present study research was to examine the impact of utilization of a designed eye care protocol on reducing the incidence of eye complications of ventilated sedated or unconscious patients; to fulfill the aim three research hypothesis were formulated. Quasi experimental design was used. The study sample constitute from 35 nurses working in the ICU departments in three main governmental hospitals in north Palestine and 70 patients whom fulfill the inclusion criteria to be a part of this research sample. Data were obtained through three tools; knowledge assessment questionnaire, an observational check list, and eye health assessment form with grading of the severity. The educational, instructional, and demonstrational programs designed based on nurses assessment needs. Method the educational booklet distributed for all participants nurses that included brief information with images about anatomy and physiology of the eye and complications of mechanical ventilation and at the end assessment and prevention of eye problems, small educational and demonstration sessions with an average of 2 to 3 nurses in the work field done. Results; all research hypothesis were supported, in which nurses knowledge and practices and eye health showed sustainable improvements regarding eye care in the critical care departments. Conclusion; nurses were lacking some knowledge and practices competences regarding eye care in critical care departments, the educational handout , demonstrations and the designed protocol showed a positive impact in improving nurses knowledge, practices and lower the percent of eye health complications. Recommendations; the study recommended establishing a written updated protocol for assessment and implementation the management needed for eye care by continuous education appraisal to ensure enough knowledge, and complete safe practices, which leads for sure in minimizing the incidence of eye complications. \nKey words: Designed Eye Care Protocol, Nurses Knowledge, Nurses Practices, Eye Care.

Study of clinical biomechanic of injured instrument vertebral column is restricted to qualitative consideration. Recently with helping Finite Element Method studies are done. Quantitative instrument evaluation injured instrument vertebral column have got new shape. At most of the biomechanical studies are done on the evaluation stability of implants and vertebral column (instrument), so for determining any stress distribution, in this research five pieces of posterior spinal implants system evaluated stress distribution,maximum von mises stress and displacement with using Finite Element Method and ANSYS software which including: Cotrel Dubousset Horizon, pedicular screw, made of medical titanium, pedicular screw, made of medical stainless steel, Cotrel Dubousset Horizon, laminar hook, pedicular hook, device for transvers traction, DTT hook and connecting rod , that all of them were made from medical titanium , in conditions without vertebra and in all loading conditions similar to biomechanic loading include: axial compression, flexion, lateral bending and axial rotation. In this research, quasi static safety factor of fixation devices determined between 3 to 6, so results of this study show that maximum Von Mises stress, at all loading conditions happen on the neck of the pedicular screws, in the blade of the hook and in the middle of the rod.

In his work, „Nation, State, and Economy” (1919), Ludwig von Mises claims that the idea of liberalism starts with the freedom of the individual and it rejects all rules of some persons over others. This paper aims to illustrate an opposite direction, deprecating the 18 century colonial practices which have gradually tainted the pacifistic principle of liberalism with the oppressive, imperialistic goals, of the most powerful states. We focus on the British East India Company, which dominated East Indies. We find that, under the cover of free trading, the British Superpower has often used military intrusion to acquire territories, to rule resources and, through this, to exercise power over the native population.

The companies providing procurement and support or so called logistic services play an important role in developing export but it is often disregarded. The purpose of the present study is to investigate the effect of the performance of companies providing logistic services in export development since the export amount of productive companies will be reduced if they are not provided by proper logistic services. Based on the findings of the study, the future export behavior can be predicted through selecting the export market development approach if the role of the performance of the companies providing logistic services is recognized properly. On the other hand, the logistic limitations are the factors associated with the export performance in the strategic group of the market focus. Followings are the other hypotheses proved n the present paper: the variable of transportation and delay cost in payments has an internal relation with the export performance at the confidence level of 99% and the variable of transportation barriers has also a relation with the export performance at the confidence level of 95%. There is a significant relation between the companies` and organizations` logistic performance improvement and the more share in the export market. There is also a significant relation between recognizing the logistic limitations and the export performance. Finally, there is a significant relation between the performance effect of the companies providing logistic services and providing the opportunity to obtain a positive intensification in integration and inter-company and intra-company management.

Curbing and reducing flood damages has a special status in exhaustive management of watershed areas. Thus, precisely identifying flood-prone regions on field level is of paramount importance; because we can reduce flood-proneness level of the field by proper watershed procedures, whether constructional or non-constructional, or a combination of both. The field which is studied here is a flood-prone field in Golestan province. In the present research, in order to determine the hydrograph of the runoff resulting from precipitation under the fields, HEC- HMS mathematical model, in which precipitation’s change into runoff is done based on hydrological methods, has been used.\nIn this research the results of calibration and validation of model HEC- HMS indicated that in case of presence of dry condition, initial damages coefficient in this field would be 15.0 , A coefficient for calculating the concentration time under the fields based on relation in Tamar field would be 4.0, and B coefficient for all subfields would be 3.0 and the ratio of saving coefficient to concentration coefficient in Tamar field would be 4.0 , based on which we can see that the observed and simulated hydrograph had high correlation. \nAfter calibrating and validating the model, prioritization of the subfields from the viewpoint of their participation in output flood (flood-proneness analysis) was examined. Based on flood-proneness studies in Tamar field we can say that upper subfields have had the biggest effect on flood-proneness level according to selected floods in the field.

Asmari Formation is the youngest and the most important reservoir of Iran Zagros basin, because there is oil in this formation. In order to arrive at qualitative assessment of Asmari reservoir, geomechanical analysis was done on wellbore wall. Moreover, geomechanical characterization of these area and qualitative assessment of reservoir in Asmari Formation are studied. The method of this study is the method of second hand data, it means that the research have been studied based on results and findings of previous researches. The results show that Asmari Formation has the following characteristics: with the increase of depth, shale and lime amounts increase, but quartz decreases, with the increase of depth, dolomite amount decreases, majority of zones with more than 80 percent of sand have the most useful hydro carbonic columns, pure thickness and the best reservoir quality with water saturation less than 20 percent.

In this literature review the methods of control lower limb exoskeleton\nwith the EMG-based controller is being discussed. The focus of the most reference-es in this chapter is on EMG signals features and how to calibrate them to design.motion controller for knee prosthesis and or thosis. In the end non linear-based control design is mentioned to design PID and MRAC controllers.